Aerosparx are a British aerobatics team that perform displays with fireworks attached to their wings. This is how they do it. More about Aerosparx: http://www.aerosparx.com/ Camera by Grant Stevens https://www.moonshineproductions.co.uk/ Ground display camera by Adam Landau Edited by Michelle Martin @mrsmmartin Audio mix by Graham Haerther http://haerther.net I'm at https://tomscott.com on Twitter at https://twitter.com/tomscott on Facebook at https://facebook.com/tomscott and on Instagram as tomscottgo

Time to tell a story about idempotency, computer science, and the Night of the Multiple Orders. • Sponsored by Dashlane —try 30 days for free at: https://www.dashlane.com/tomscott MORE BASICS: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL96C35uN7xGLLeET0dOWaKHkAlPsrkcha Written by Sean M Elliott and Tom Scott Directed by Tomek Graphics by Mooviemakers https://www.mooviemakers.co.uk/ Audio mix by Haerther Productions https://haerther.net/ Thanks to Dashlane for sponsoring the video! If you're techie enough to watch this video, you should be using a password manager. Get a 30-day free trial at https://dashlane.com/tomscott I'm at https://tomscott.com on Twitter at https://twitter.com/tomscott on Facebook at https://facebook.com/tomscott and on Instagram as tomscottgo

"Hello!" "Thank you!" "You're welcome!" These are all phatic expressions, and people can argue about them. Pull down the description for the references! MORE LANGUAGE FILES: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL96C35uN7xGLDEnHuhD7CTZES3KXFnwm0 Written with Gretchen McCulloch and Molly Ruhl. Gretchen's new book, BECAUSE INTERNET, is available now: 🇺🇸 US: https://amzn.to/30tLpjT 🇨🇦 CA: https://amzn.to/2JsTYWH 🇬🇧 UK: https://amzn.to/32epYoK (Those are affiliate links that give a commission to me or Gretchen, depending on country!) Gretchen can be found at http://lingthusiasm.com/ REFERENCES: Brown, P. and Levinson, S. 1987. Politeness: Some Universals in Language Usage. Cambridge. Cambridge University Press. Goffman, Erving (1967): On Face-Work. An Analysis of Ritual Elements in Social Interaction. In: Ders.: Interaction Ritual. New York: Doubleday. 5-45. Dinkin, A. (2018). It's no problem to be polite: Apparent-time change in responses to thanks. Journal of Sociolinguistics, 22(2), 190-215. Bucholtz, M. & Hall, K. (2005) Identity and interaction: A sociocultural linguistic approach. Discourse Studies. vol. 7 (4-2): 585-614. Yngve, Victor. "On getting a word in edgewise," page 568. Papers from the Sixth Regional Meeting [of the] Chicago Linguistic Society, 1970. Sacks, H., Schegloff, E. A., & Jefferson, G. (1974). "A simplest systematics for the organization of turn-taking for conversation." Language, 50, 696–735. Tannen, D. (2012). Turn-Taking and Intercultural Discourse and Communication. In Bratt Paulston, C., Kiesling, S. F., & Rangel E. S., Japan/Anglo-American Cross-Cultural Communication (pp 135-157). Blackwell Handbooks in Linguistics: The Handbook of Intercultural Discourse and Communication. I'm at https://tomscott.com on Twitter at https://twitter.com/tomscott on Facebook at https://facebook.com/tomscott and on Instagram as tomscottgo

The fetch-execute cycle is the basis of everything your computer or phone does. This is literally The Basics. • Sponsored by Dashlane —try 30 days for free at: https://www.dashlane.com/tomscott Thanks to Dashlane for sponsoring the video! If you're techie enough to watch this video, you should be using a password manager. Get a 30-day free trial at https://dashlane.com/tomscott MORE BASICS: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL96C35uN7xGLLeET0dOWaKHkAlPsrkcha MINOR CORRECTIONS: In the graphics, "programme" should be "program". I say "Mac instead of PC"; that should be "a phone instead of a PC". And most importantly, I say "every sixth cycle": that should be "every ninth". Fortunately, none of these materially affect the content of the video! Written by Sean M Elliott and Tom Scott Directed by Tomek Graphics by Mooviemakers https://www.mooviemakers.co.uk/ Audio mix by Haerther Productions https://haerther.net/ I'm at https://tomscott.com on Twitter at https://twitter.com/tomscott on Facebook at https://facebook.com/tomscott and on Instagram as tomscottgo

A decade ago, engineers found the Humber Bridge had the same problem as many of the world's suspension bridges: unexpectedly fast corrosion. Here's how they fixed it, and how they're checking that it's staying fixed. Thanks to all the team at the Humber Bridge board, at Cleveland Bridge, and Visit Hull and East Yorkshire, all of whom spent a lot of time and effort getting me up to the towers! Aerial and ground camera by Octovision Media https://octovisionmedia.co.uk Edited by Michelle Martin @mrsmmartin I'm at https://tomscott.com on Twitter at https://twitter.com/tomscott on Facebook at https://facebook.com/tomscott and on Instagram as tomscottgo

Language changes over time, and that's fine. Time for a dose of descriptivism, as the Language Files return. Pull down the description for the references! MORE LANGUAGE FILES: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL96C35uN7xGLDEnHuhD7CTZES3KXFnwm0 Written with Gretchen McCulloch and Molly Ruhl. Gretchen's new book, BECAUSE INTERNET, is available soon: 🇺🇸 US: https://amzn.to/30tLpjT 🇨🇦 CA: https://amzn.to/2JsTYWH 🇬🇧 UK: https://amzn.to/32epYoK (Those are affiliate links that give a commission to me or Gretchen, depending on country!) Gretchen can be found at http://lingthusiasm.com/ REFERENCES: Labov, W. (1972) Some principles of linguistics methodology. Language and Society 1(1): 97–120. Bucholtz, M. & Hall, K. (2005) Identity and interaction: A sociocultural linguistic approach. Discourse Studies. vol. 7 (4-2): 585-614. Biber, D. & Finegan, E. (1994). Sociolinguistic Perspectives on Register. New York ; Oxford: Oxford University Press. Soffer, O. (2012). Liquid language? on the personalization of discourse in the digital era. New Media & Society, 14(7), 1092-1110. Bourlai, E., & Herring, S. C. (2014). Multimodal communication on tumblr: I have so many feels! Proceedings of the 2014 ACM Conference on Web Science - WebSci '14. doi:10.1145/2615569.2615697 Lawson, A., Ferrer, L., Wang, W., & Murray, J. (2015). Detection of demographics and identity in spontaneous speech and writing. In A. K. Baughman, J. Gao, J. Pan, & V. A. Petrushin (Eds.), Multimedia Data Mining and Analytics (Vol. 3, pp. 205-225). Springer International Publishing. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-14998-1_9 Mckee, H. (2002). “YOUR VIEWS SHOWED TRUE IGNORANCE!!!”: (Mis)Communication in an online interracial discussion forum. Computers and Composition, 19(4), 411-434. Danet, B. (2013). Flaming and linguistic impoliteness on a listserv. In S. C. Herring, D. Stein, & T. Virtanen (Eds.), Pragmatics of Computer-Mediated Communication (Vol. 9, Handbook of Pragmatics, pp. 639-664). Walter de Gruyter McCulloch, G. (2019). Because internet. New York: Riverhead Books. Milne, A. A. & Shepard, E. (1926). Winnie-the-Pooh. New York: E.P. Dutton & Co. Urabnik, C. L. (2013). Adjacent character repetition: Orthographic Pragmatics in Computer-Mediated Discourse. (Master’s Thesis) San Francisco State University. Gunrajm D.N., Drumm-Hewitt, A.M., Dashow, E.M., Upadhyay, S.S.N., Klin, C.M. (2015). Texting insincerely: The role of the period in text messaging. Computers in Human Behavior 55(B). (pp 1067-1075). doi:10.1016/j.chb.2015.11.003 Gonzalez-Lloret, M. (2011). Conversation analysis of computer-mediated communication. CALICO Journal, 28(2), 308-325. I'm at https://tomscott.com on Twitter at https://twitter.com/tomscott on Facebook at https://facebook.com/tomscott and on Instagram as tomscottgo

Watch all 15 episodes right now: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL96C35uN7xGJu6skU4TBYrIWxggkZBrF5 • This educational series is sponsored by Google This isn't going to be a click-a-button and follow-along series that gives you the same result as everything else. We're not even going to talk about code. This is everything you didn't know you needed to know about building an app. I'm at http://tomscott.com on Twitter at http://twitter.com/tomscott on Facebook at http://facebook.com/tomscott and on Instagram as tomscottgo

Watch all the episodes in this series: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL96C35uN7xGJu6skU4TBYrIWxggkZBrF5 • This educational series is sponsored by Google Here’s the links to sources from my monologues: The now-dead site for our Emoji messaging app: http://emoj.li/ More than 75% of apps are only opened once: http://fortune.com/2016/05/19/app-economy/ 80% of users delete an app after 90 days: http://fortune.com/2016/05/19/app-economy/ In 2018, less than one in a thousand apps were a commercial success: https://www.forbes.com/sites/connieguglielmo/2014/01/13/mobile-apps-may-not-pave-the-way-to-developer-riches-sales-average-less-than-1250-a-day/#f631d94890b1 On average, it costs 15-20% of original development costs to keep an app going every year: https://www.fiercewireless.com/developer/maintaining-app-critical-to-its-overall-success I'm at http://tomscott.com on Twitter at http://twitter.com/tomscott on Facebook at http://facebook.com/tomscott and on Instagram as tomscottgo

Watch all the episodes in this series: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL96C35uN7xGJu6skU4TBYrIWxggkZBrF5 • This educational series is sponsored by Google Here’s the sources for the stats in my intro: The average person touches their phone more than two and a half thousand times a day: https://www.businessinsider.com/dscout-research-people-touch-cell-phones-2617-times-a-day-2016-7 Average time spent on phones is increasing by 11 minutes a year: https://www.emarketer.com/content/mobile-time-spent-2018 There are millions of apps in the Google Play store: https://www.statista.com/statistics/266210/number-of-available-applications-in-the-google-play-store/ Here’s the Google Play Developer Console: https://play.google.com/apps/publish/?account=8392098387496028578 And here’s Apple’s iOS developer site: https://developer.apple.com/ I'm at http://tomscott.com on Twitter at http://twitter.com/tomscott on Facebook at http://facebook.com/tomscott and on Instagram as tomscottgo

Watch all the episodes in this series: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL96C35uN7xGJu6skU4TBYrIWxggkZBrF5 • This educational series is sponsored by Google Thanks again to Fen Court in London (http://www.fencourtlondon.com/) for letting us film from their roof garden. Here’s a great article showing the design processes behind Monument Valley: https://www.cultofmac.com/273790/inside-monument-valley/ I'm at http://tomscott.com

Watch all the episodes in this series: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL96C35uN7xGJu6skU4TBYrIWxggkZBrF5 • This educational series is sponsored by Google Thanks to Crystal Palace Park Maze for letting us film some incredible difficult tracking shots there: https://crystalpalacepark.org.uk/things-to-do/maze/ There is more information on the UK Government’s Nudge Unit here: https://www.bloombergquint.com/politics/uk-the-nudge-unit-uses-behavioural-science-to-influence-policy-outcomes-such-as-improved-tax-collections-and-pension-enrolment#gs.09d06c Harry Brignull’s Dark Patterns: https://www.darkpatterns.org/ Cognitive Biases are fascinating: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_cognitive_biases Doteveryone’s Consequence Scanning Toolkit: https://doteveryone.org.uk/project/consequence-scanning/ I'm at http://tomscott.com on Twitter at http://twitter.com/tomscott on Facebook at http://facebook.com/tomscott and on Instagram as tomscottgo

Watch all the episodes in this series: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL96C35uN7xGJu6skU4TBYrIWxggkZBrF5 • This educational series is sponsored by Google Thanks to the Regency Leisure Arcade in Brighton for letting us film there. Here’s the source for the stats in my intro: App economy expected to be worth $120bn in 2019: https://www.zdnet.com/article/app-economy-expected-to-be-120-billion-in-2019-as-small-screen-leads-digital-transformation-efforts/ By 2020 75% of the global population will have smart phones, and developing markets are expected to account for largest share of growth : https://www.gsmaintelligence.com/research/?file=3df1b7d57b1e63a0cbc3d585feb82dc2&download https://www.businessinsider.com/world-population-mobile-devices-2017-9 And more stats on Monument Valley’s success are here: https://medium.com/@ustwogames/monument-valley-in-numbers-c945b8658261 https://medium.com/@ustwogames/monument-valley-in-numbers-c945b8658261 I'm at http://tomscott.com on Twitter at http://twitter.com/tomscott on Facebook at http://facebook.com/tomscott and on Instagram as tomscottgo

Watch all the episodes in this series: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL96C35uN7xGJu6skU4TBYrIWxggkZBrF5 • This educational series is sponsored by Google Thanks again to Patterns Bar in Brighton for letting us film there: http://patternsbrighton.com/ Here’s UX Designer Richard Littaeur’s site The User Is Drunk: https://theuserisdrunk.com/ Huge thanks to all our user testers - Vasnich Srishinkar, Sejul Malde, Will Chidlow, Jack Bould and Anjali Ramachandran I'm at http://tomscott.com on Twitter at http://twitter.com/tomscott on Facebook at http://facebook.com/tomscott and on Instagram as tomscottgo

Watch all the episodes in this series: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL96C35uN7xGJu6skU4TBYrIWxggkZBrF5 • This educational series is sponsored by Google Thanks again to the Science Museum in London for letting us film in their Information Age gallery. If you’re in London, you can go there to see the very first web server: http://collection.sciencemuseum.org.uk/objects/co8232360/next-cube-computer-1990-personal-computer More info on Amazon’s 2017 AWS outage: https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/03/03/518322734/amazon-and-the-150-million-typo?t=1559577470456 Here’s a couple of links to terms we discussed in my conversation with Josh Emerson: API - Application Programming Interface: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_programming_interface Data/Encryption at Rest: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_at_rest Exponential Backoff: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exponential_backoff I'm at http://tomscott.com on Twitter at http://twitter.com/tomscott on Facebook at http://facebook.com/tomscott and on Instagram as tomscottgo

Watch all the episodes in this series: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL96C35uN7xGJu6skU4TBYrIWxggkZBrF5 • This educational series is sponsored by Google Thanks to the Science Museum for letting us film in their Information Age Gallery! And thanks to Jordan: you can find her on YouTube at https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC1H1NWNTG2Xi3pt85ykVSHA and at https://jordanharrod.com Here are the sources for the facts in my intro: Martin Cooper making the first ever mobile phone call: https://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/objects-and-stories/invention-mobile-phones https://www.edn.com/electronics-blogs/edn-moments/4411258/1st-mobile-phone-call-is-made--April-3--1973 The first handheld mobile phone - the Motorola DynaTAC: https://www.retrowow.co.uk/retro_collectibles/80s/motorola_8000X.php And here’s a couple of link on the issues that Jordan Harrod discussed in our conversation: Great article on AI bias: https://www.technologyreview.com/s/612876/this-is-how-ai-bias-really-happensand-why-its-so-hard-to-fix/ More information about Dual Use Technology: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dual-use_technology I'm at http://tomscott.com on Twitter at http://twitter.com/tomscott on Facebook at http://facebook.com/tomscott and on Instagram as tomscottgo

Watch all the episodes in this series: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL96C35uN7xGJu6skU4TBYrIWxggkZBrF5 • This educational series is sponsored by Google Here’s the sources for the stats I mention in the intro: 1 in 20 people suffer from hearing loss: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/deafness-and-hearing-loss 3 million Americans have some form of vision impairment: https://www.nih.gov/news-events/news-releases/study-finds-most-americans-have-good-vision-14-million-are-visually-impaired 8% of men with European ancestry are colourblind: https://nei.nih.gov/health/color_blindness/facts_about More info on Special Project’s Out of the Box project: http://specialprojects.studio/project/out-of-the-box/ I'm at http://tomscott.com on Twitter at http://twitter.com/tomscott on Facebook at http://facebook.com/tomscott and on Instagram as tomscottgo

Watch all the episodes in this series: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL96C35uN7xGJu6skU4TBYrIWxggkZBrF5 • This educational series is sponsored by Google Shaka, when the walls fell: https://www.theatlantic.com/entertainment/archive/2014/06/star-trek-tng-and-the-limits-of-language-shaka-when-the-walls-fell/372107/ There are loads of free online tools to help you build mockups of your app, but here’s a couple to start with: https://proto.io/ https://www.fluidui.com/ https://balsamiq.com/ https://www.adobe.com/uk/products/xd.html I'm at http://tomscott.com on Twitter at http://twitter.com/tomscott on Facebook at http://facebook.com/tomscott and on Instagram as tomscottgo

Watch all the episodes in this series: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL96C35uN7xGJu6skU4TBYrIWxggkZBrF5 • This educational series is sponsored by Google Thanks to the Ella family farm in Ousefleet, West Yorkshire for letting us film in their very boring field. Here’s why it is so perfectly boring: http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/1600225.stm James Box is the author of Undercover UX Design, published by O’Reilly Books: https://www.oreilly.com/library/view/undercover-user-experience/9780132118231/ If you want to see what some of today’s most successful digital services looked like as Minimum Viable Products, here’s a great list: https://speckyboy.com/successful-minimum-viable-products/ The drone photography in the boring field was by Parri Thomas: http://www.mathewparrithomas.com/ I'm at http://tomscott.com on Twitter at http://twitter.com/tomscott on Facebook at http://facebook.com/tomscott and on Instagram as tomscottgo

Watch all the episodes in this series: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL96C35uN7xGJu6skU4TBYrIWxggkZBrF5 • This educational series is sponsored by Google Thanks to Patterns Bar in Brighton for letting us film there: http://patternsbrighton.com/ The story about Tinder’s launch is told in a brilliant Google I/O 2014 talk by Sean Rad: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KdiKhqGVHg4&t=1341s And thank you to the 1,920 of you who signed up to be a beta tester on our Google Form. Apologies we never actually asked you to beta test the app, but you really helped us test a theory about how to build a user base. So thanks! I'm at http://tomscott.com on Twitter at http://twitter.com/tomscott on Facebook at http://facebook.com/tomscott and on Instagram as tomscottgo

Watch all the episodes in this series: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL96C35uN7xGJu6skU4TBYrIWxggkZBrF5 • This educational series is sponsored by Google Thanks to Fen Court in London (http://www.fencourtlondon.com/) for letting us film from their roof garden. iOS Human Interface Guidelines: https://developer.apple.com/design/human-interface-guidelines/ Google Material Design Guidelines: https://material.io/design/guidelines-overview/ Here’s Google’s guide to Progressive Web Apps: https://developers.google.com/web/progressive-web-apps/ I'm at http://tomscott.com on Twitter at http://twitter.com/tomscott on Facebook at http://facebook.com/tomscott and on Instagram as tomscottgo

Watch all the episodes in this series: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL96C35uN7xGJu6skU4TBYrIWxggkZBrF5 • This educational series is sponsored by Google Thanks to our MVP testers: Dom Burgess https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCGI000V6ZIAQf97MNybAaLQ Rachel Krishna Tim Blais https://www.youtube.com/acapellascience Amelia Zak Justin Helps https://www.youtube.com/primerlearning I'm at http://tomscott.com on Twitter at http://twitter.com/tomscott on Facebook at http://facebook.com/tomscott and on Instagram as tomscottgo

Watch all the episodes in this series: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL96C35uN7xGJu6skU4TBYrIWxggkZBrF5 • This educational series is sponsored by Google Here’s a talk Matt Gray and I gave at Electromagnetic Field, the UK hacker camp, about how we built the Emoji app, and why it failed: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GsyhGHUEt-k You can find out more about the brilliant Zombies, Run! App here: https://zombiesrungame.com/ I'm at http://tomscott.com on Twitter at http://twitter.com/tomscott on Facebook at http://facebook.com/tomscott and on Instagram as tomscottgo

If you believe the hype, then the Metropolitan Area Underground Discharge Channel stops Tokyo flooding. It doesn't. But it is one colossal part of a huge network of flood defences that protect a city that would otherwise be... well, very wet. MORE ABOUT THE DISCHARGE CHANNEL: The Discharge Channel's site (in Japanese): http://www.ktr.mlit.go.jp/edogawa/gaikaku/ Advice for English-speaking visitors: https://matcha-jp.com/en/4002 REFERENCES: "Below sea level" and "aging levees": http://www.kensetsu.metro.tokyo.jp/content/000028631.pdf [PDF, parts translated in https://www.nytimes.com/2017/10/06/climate/tokyo-floods.html ] "All that protects the two and a half million people": https://mainichi.jp/english/articles/20180823/p2a/00m/0na/007000c Discharge channel stats: http://www.japanriver.or.jp/EnglishDocument/DB/file/004%20Kanto%2079(T.O-12).pdf [PDF] THANKS TO: Local fixer: Yamada Masato Post translator: Dominic Jacobs Edited by Michelle Martin (@mrsmmartin) I'm at http://tomscott.com on Twitter at http://twitter.com/tomscott on Facebook at http://facebook.com/tomscott and on Instagram as tomscottgo

I went to a place called Coober Pedy to tell a story about water. • Sponsored by Audible: Go to http://audible.com/trustme or text ‘trustme’ to 500 500 to get started today. CORRECTIONS: https://www.tomscott.com/corrections/ Thanks to everyone in Coober Pedy; I had a wonderful time there. I'm sorry this isn't the video you all hoped for! Sources for this video: Smerdon, B.; Ransley, T.; Radke, B.; Kellett, J. (2012) Water resource assessment for the Great Artesian Basin. A report to the Australian Government from the CSIRO Great Artesian Basin Water Resource Assessment. Australia: CSIRO. https://doi.org/10.4225/08/584c45a39e1b5 Martin, P. (2019). Opal capital Coober Pedy 'on knife-edge' as desert town faces water problem. Retrieved from https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-03-06/coober-pedy-water-supply-concerns-opal-capital/10867894 Coober Pedy weather: http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/dwo/201901/html/IDCJDW5012.201901.shtml Great Artesian Basin boundaries: Great Artesian Basin boundary: https://data.gov.au/data/dataset/241d11ac-649d-46a5-8cae-3dddb53a8010 Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, (c) Commonwealth of Australia (Bioregional Assessment Programme http://www.bioregionalassessments.gov.au), (c) Commonwealth of Australia (Geoscience Australia) 2013 I'm at http://tomscott.com on Twitter at http://twitter.com/tomscott on Facebook at http://facebook.com/tomscott and on Instagram as tomscottgo

The Byron Bay Railroad Company runs the world's first 100% solar-powered train. It wouldn't work everywhere - but in the bright sunshine of Australia, it might just be the right tool for the job. More about the railroad: https://byronbaytrain.com.au/ Edited by Michelle Martin (@mrsmmartin) I'm at http://tomscott.com on Twitter at http://twitter.com/tomscott on Facebook at http://facebook.com/tomscott and on Instagram as tomscottgo

Olds Engineering, a traditional workshop and foundry, sits in Maryborough, Australia. It's not the sort of place you'd expect to find a new industrial invention in the 21st century: and yet the Olds Elevator, patented by Peter Olds, is just that. More about Olds Engineering: https://www.olds.com.au/ and the Olds Elevator: https://www.oldselevator.com/ Edited by Michelle Martin (@mrsmmartin) I'm at http://tomscott.com on Twitter at http://twitter.com/tomscott on Facebook at http://facebook.com/tomscott and on Instagram as tomscottgo

Near Hindon, on the South Island of New Zealand, there's one of only two remaining one-lane road-rail bridges in the country. No barriers, no lights, no sirens: if you're driving across this, you need to make sure to listen out for the train horn. Thanks to all the Dunedin Railways team! You can find out more about them here: https://www.dunedinrailways.co.nz/ Edited by Michelle Martin (@mrsmmartin) I'm at http://tomscott.com on Twitter at http://twitter.com/tomscott on Facebook at http://facebook.com/tomscott and on Instagram as tomscottgo

Baldwin Street in Dunedin, New Zealand, has the Guinness World Record for "steepest paved road over a continuous distance of more than ten metres". Which is enough to bring in quite a few tourists. What's the history? And what counts as "steepest street"? Thanks to Mayor Dave Cull and to Gary Blackman. You can see some of Gary Blackman's photography in Te Papa's collection: https://collections.tepapa.govt.nz/agent/222 And an interview with him: https://www.odt.co.nz/entertainment/arts/blackman-still-finding-out-what-camera-will-take CITATION: von Worley, S. (2010). More Steeps Of San Francisco – A New Steepest Street Is Born. Retrieved from http://www.datapointed.net/2010/02/more-steeps-of-san-francisco/ The Guinness World Record data is here: http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/62907-steepest-street-road And the Welsh street is referenced here: https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2019/jan/10/bricks-dont-usually-roll-welsh-town-harlech-worlds-steepest-street Edited by Michelle Martin (@mrsmmartin) I'm at http://tomscott.com on Twitter at http://twitter.com/tomscott on Facebook at http://facebook.com/tomscott and on Instagram as tomscottgo

If you invent a new theme park or amusement ride, how do you test it to make sure it's safe? There's no Federal Bureau of Zip Lines. I visited one of the companies that does just that sort of testing - and, now, inventing. More about Holmes Solutions: https://holmessolutions.com/ And their adventure recreation division: https://holmessolutions.com/case-study/adventure-recreation Information on foreseeable misuse: Health and Safety Executive. (2017). Fairgrounds and amusementparks: Guidance on safe practice. London: HSE Books. http://www.hse.gov.uk/pUbns/priced/hsg175.pdf [PDF] Information on US regulation of theme parks: Hollandsworth, S. (2018). Schlitterbahn’s Tragic Slide. Texas Monthly. Retrieved from https://www.texasmonthly.com/news/jeff-henry-verruckt-schlitterbahns-tragic-slide/ - this is an interesting and somewhat harrowing article on the now-demolished world's largest waterslide. Edited by Michelle Martin (@mrsmmartin) Audio mix by Graham Haerther (http://haerther.net) I'm at http://tomscott.com on Twitter at http://twitter.com/tomscott on Facebook at http://facebook.com/tomscott and on Instagram as tomscottgo

Mount Taranaki, on the North Island of New Zealand, is a large-scale circle that's visible from space: a stratovolcano with six miles of forest around it. But that didn't happen naturally. Oh, and there's a good chance that, in the next fifty years or so, it might explode. GOOD VIDEOS ON NATURAL PERSONHOOD: Law professor Jacinta Ruru at TEDx Christchurch, for a formal talk: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3zAPwaOYjQU Leonie Hayden at The Spinoff, for a more vlog-style approach: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UbS-bOUgotU SOURCES: Taranaki Civil Defence and Emergency Management https://cdemtaranaki.govt.nz/taranaki-hazards/natural-hazards/volcanic/ McWethy, D., Wilmshurst, J., Whitlock, C., Wood, J., & McGlone, M. (2014). A High-Resolution Chronology of Rapid Forest Transitions following Polynesian Arrival in New Zealand. Plos ONE, 9(11), e111328. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111328 Perry, G., Wilmshurst, J., & McGlone, M. (2014). Ecology and long-term history of fire in New Zealand. New Zealand Journal Of Ecology, 38(2), 157-176. ME: I'm at http://tomscott.com on Twitter at http://twitter.com/tomscott on Facebook at http://facebook.com/tomscott and on Instagram as tomscottgo

At the University of Canterbury, in Christchurch, New Zealand, the team at Mars Bioimaging are using detector equipment originally developed for the Large Hadron Collider, and putting it to a very different use: medical imaging that allows 3D, false-color images inside the human body. Thanks to the Mars Bioimaging team: https://www.marsbioimaging.com/ Edited by Michelle Martin (@mrsmmartin) Audio mix by Graham Haerther https://haerther.net/ I'm at http://tomscott.com on Twitter at http://twitter.com/tomscott on Facebook at http://facebook.com/tomscott and on Instagram as tomscottgo

Kerosene Creek is a natural hot spring near Rotorua, on the North Island of New Zealand. And there have been official warnings for years: don't put your head under water. It turns out that "brain-eating amoebas", naegleria fowleri, are a real, if rare, thing. Thank you to Associate Professor Siouxsie Wiles! Here are some of the references used for this video: Bonifield, J. (2019). Fatal brain-eating amoeba may have come from woman's neti pot. Retrieved from https://edition.cnn.com/2018/12/07/health/seattle-brain-amoeba-neti-pot-bn/index.html Hermelingmeier, K., Weber, R., Hellmich, M., Heubach, C., & Mösges, R. (2012). Nasal Irrigation as an Adjunctive Treatment in Allergic Rhinitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. American Journal Of Rhinology & Allergy, 26(5), e119-e125. doi: 10.2500/ajra.2012.26.3787 Piper, K., Foster, H., Susanto, D., Maree, C., Thornton, S., & Cobbs, C. (2018). Fatal Balamuthia mandrillaris brain infection associated with improper nasal lavage. International Journal Of Infectious Diseases, 77, 18-22. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2018.09.013 Yoder, J., Straif-Bourgeois, S., Roy, S., Moore, T., Visvesvara, G., & Ratard, R. et al. (2012). Primary Amebic Meningoencephalitis Deaths Associated With Sinus Irrigation Using Contaminated Tap Water. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 55(9), e79-e85. doi: 10.1093/cid/cis626 Edited by Michelle Martin (@mrsmmartin) I'm at http://tomscott.com on Twitter at http://twitter.com/tomscott on Facebook at http://facebook.com/tomscott and on Instagram as tomscottgo

The Ports of Auckland are automating their straddle carriers, which might not seem like much: until you phrase it as "hundred-tonne autonomous robots guided by nanosecond-precision tracking". More about the Ports of Auckland: http://www.poal.co.nz/ Edited by Michelle Martin (@mrsmmartin) I'm at http://tomscott.com on Twitter at http://twitter.com/tomscott on Facebook at http://facebook.com/tomscott and on Instagram as tomscottgo

Gibbs Farm, in New Zealand, is an enormous private sculpture collection. Its most famous piece is Horizons, by Neil Dawson - and it looks like a cartoon tissue somehow painted onto the landscape. To see it in person, though, will take a bit of effort. Gibbs Farm: http://www.gibbsfarm.org.nz/ I'm at http://tomscott.com on Twitter at http://twitter.com/tomscott on Facebook at http://facebook.com/tomscott and on Instagram as tomscottgo

Cape Reinga, at the very northern tip of New Zealand, is known for being where the Tasman Sea meets the Pacific Ocean, where two oceans collide. The truth, though, is a little more complicated than that. Thanks to Dr Simon Clark for helping proofread my script: https://www.youtube.com/SimonOxfPhys - any errors are mine, not his! Current visualisation from http://earth.nullschool.net , used with permission I'm at http://tomscott.com on Twitter at http://twitter.com/tomscott on Facebook at http://facebook.com/tomscott and on Instagram as tomscottgo

When I was a kid, I played the demo version of Need for Speed II a lot. Just the demo: it came free on a CD with a monthly computer magazine. Every detail of that one demo track was stored in my head, long-dormant... until I ended up in Vancouver, and memories started surfacing in very odd ways. I'm at http://tomscott.com on Twitter at http://twitter.com/tomscott on Facebook at http://facebook.com/tomscott and on Instagram as tomscottgo

In the Ashton Graybiel Spatial Orientation Laboratory at Brandeis University, there's the Artificial Gravity Facility: otherwise known as the rotating room. No-one's invented futuristic gravity plating yet, but if you want to test how humans would cope with artificial gravity, this is the best way. More about the Artificial Gravity Facility: https://www.brandeis.edu/graybiel/facilities/srr.html More about the Ashton Graybiel Spatial Orientation Laboratory: https://www.brandeis.edu/graybiel/ Edited by Michelle Martin (@mrsmmartin) Audio mix by Graham Haerther http://haerther.net Animation by Mooviemakers http://www.mooviemakers.co.uk I'm at http://tomscott.com on Twitter at http://twitter.com/tomscott on Facebook at http://facebook.com/tomscott and on Instagram as tomscottgo

The Multi-Axes Rotation and Tilt Device (MART) is used for spatial orientation experiments: it's a chair balanced on a metaphorical knife-edge, powered by precise and fast motors. And my job was to not fall over. More about the Ashton Graybiel Spatial Orientation Laboratory: https://www.brandeis.edu/graybiel/ More about the MART: https://www.brandeis.edu/graybiel/facilities/mart.html More about Vivek's research: https://sites.google.com/view/vivekanandpandeyvimal 3D printed movement sculptures by Sacha Panic, Ian Roy, Alberto Pierobon and Vivekanand Pandey Vimal Edited by Michelle Martin (@mrsmmartin) Audio mix by Graham Haerther http://haerther.net Thanks to Jordan Harrod for the title! I'm at http://tomscott.com on Twitter at http://twitter.com/tomscott on Facebook at http://facebook.com/tomscott and on Instagram as tomscottgo

The Forbes Pigment Collection at the Harvard Art Museums is a collection of pigments, binders, and other art materials for researchers to use as standards: so they can tell originals from restorations from forgeries. It's not open to the public, because it's a working research library -- and because some of the pigments in there are rare, historic, or really shouldn't be handled by anyone untrained. More about the Forbes Pigment Collection: https://www.harvardartmuseums.org/article/a-short-history-of-a-pigment-collection-and-art-conservation-in-the-united-states The Harvard Art Museums: https://www.harvardartmuseums.org/ Edited by Michelle Martin (@mrsmmartin) Audio mix by Graham Haerther https://haerther.net/ I'm at http://tomscott.com on Twitter at http://twitter.com/tomscott on Facebook at http://facebook.com/tomscott and on Instagram as tomscottgo

The final episode in this run of the Game Garage gives us a Proper Quiz: complete with all-or-nothing questions and a prize of FIVE THOUSAND PENCE. That's pence. It's £50. We didn't have that big a budget. Edited by Elliot Gough Audio mix by Graham Haerther Directed by Grant Stevens Produced by David Bodycombe and Tom Scott A Pad 26 / Labyrinth Games production I'm at http://tomscott.com on Twitter at http://twitter.com/tomscott on Facebook at http://facebook.com/tomscott and on Instagram as tomscottgo Photo credits: Element photos are licensed under Creative Commons Attribution unported 3.0, from http://images-of-elements.com/ - for each individual credit, http://images-of-elements.com/[name of element].php Celebrity photos licensed under Creative Commons Attribution licenses. See URL for full license: John Cusack by Cliff https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cusack09.jpg Drew Carey by Mercy for Animals MFA https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Drew_Carey_2014.jpg Kim Cattrall by Canadian Film Centre https://www.flickr.com/photos/cfccreates/6852106279/ Oprah Winfrey by Greg Hernandez https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Oprah_Winfrey_at_2011_TCA_2.jpg Rachel McAdams by Andrew Biskinsky https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Rachel_McAdams,_TIFF_2012_(bright_crop).jpg Hugh Grant by Julien Rath https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Hugh_Grant_%2711.jpg Kylie Minogue by Raph_PH https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Kylie_Minogue_at_The_Queen%27s_Birthday_Party_(cropped_3).jpg Damian Lewis by Jaguar MENA https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Damian_Lewis_at_the_London_Reveal_of_the_New_Jaguar_XE.jpg

On Nantasket Beach, in the seaside town of Hull, Massachusetts, sits the last play-for-cash Fascination Parlor in the world. It's a century-old arcade game, made of relays that click and buzz. There are a few other parlors left in the world: but this is the only one where you're playing for actual money. More about the Paragon Boardwalk: https://www.paragonboardwalk.com/ I'm at http://tomscott.com on Twitter at http://twitter.com/tomscott on Facebook at http://facebook.com/tomscott and on Instagram as tomscottgo

Today in the Game Garage, it's not about what you know: it's about what you can do. Pull down the description for the full cast and links to everyone's channels! IN THE STUDIO Cambria Bailey-Jones - https://twitter.com/cambriabailey Guy Larsen - http://guylarsen.com Taha Khan - https://youtube.com/khanstopme ON THE PANEL Barry Lewis - https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCAzyupPG4vdo8jd9nJ13LAw Colin Furze - https://www.youtube.com/user/colinfurze Em Ford - https://www.youtube.com/user/mypaleskinblog Hannah Witton - https://www.youtube.com/hannahwitton Lucy Bella Earl - https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCz4tgANd4yy8Oe0iXCdSWfA Saf - https://www.youtube.com/user/SuperSafTV Steven Bridges - https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCqK0ukwGsTDh7sHih1OmLJA And here's the stop-motion video that Cambria, Guy and Taha were working on! https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hjr4wfnVmpE&feature=youtu.be Edited by Elliot Gough and Michelle Martin Audio mix by Graham Haerther Directed by Grant Stevens Produced by David Bodycombe and Tom Scott A Pad 26 / Labyrinth Games production I'm at http://tomscott.com on Twitter at http://twitter.com/tomscott on Facebook at http://facebook.com/tomscott and on Instagram as tomscottgo

St Peter's Seminary sits in woodland about an hour west of Glasgow, near a village called Cardross. If you like Brutalist architecture, then it's a beautiful ruin: if not, then perhaps your view isn't so kind. It's a historic, religious building: but it's also a money sink that can't be demolished. My thanks to Ronnie Convery at the Archdiocese of Glasgow! Edited by Michelle Martin, @mrsmmartin I'm at http://tomscott.com on Twitter at http://twitter.com/tomscott on Facebook at http://facebook.com/tomscott and on Instagram as tomscottgo

Welcome to the Game Garage! A series of three new, experimental quizzes and games. Thanks today to Evan Edinger - https://youtube.com/naveregnide - and Luke Cutforth - https://youtube.com/lukecutforth - for being the guinea pigs for Game 1: Weight For It. Sure, we could have spent a fortune on a massive studio, huge props and a giant seesaw: or we could get a garage, some GoPros, and some boxes of sand. Edited by Elliot Gough Audio mix by Graham Haerther Directed by Grant Stevens Produced by David Bodycombe and Tom Scott A Pad 26 / Labyrinth Games production I'm at http://tomscott.com on Twitter at http://twitter.com/tomscott on Facebook at http://facebook.com/tomscott and on Instagram as tomscottgo

Go see William Osman's video about building the car! - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7ZK_fnS62Lk and thanks to Michael Reeves for being a guinea pig: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCtHaxi4GTYDpJgMSGy7AeSw/ We built a car that you drive with real-life video game lag, and used it for an ill-advised, mostly-unscientific experiment about motion sickness. In case it wasn't obvious: we did this in a private area away from public roads and other traffic, and I insisted on more safety checks than William and Michael would normally have. Don't try this unless you're doing the same! Edited by Elliot Gough Audio mix by Graham Haerther REFERENCES: Treisman, M. (1977). Motion sickness: an evolutionary hypothesis. Science, 197(4302), 493-495. doi: 10.1126/science.301659 Spinks, R. (2018). We still don’t understand motion sickness, but it’s likely to get worse in the digital age. Retrieved from https://qz.com/quartzy/1379653/we-still-dont-understand-motion-sickness-but-its-likely-to-get-worse-in-the-digital-age/ I'm at http://tomscott.com on Twitter at http://twitter.com/tomscott on Facebook at http://facebook.com/tomscott and on Instagram as tomscottgo

Measuring time is a complicated thing. Computers, banks, and stock markets in Denmark all use UTC, the international standard: but according to the law, they shouldn't. Edited by Michelle Martin (@mrsmmartin) Thanks to Thor Nielsen for the suggestion! I'm at http://tomscott.com on Twitter at http://twitter.com/tomscott on Facebook at http://facebook.com/tomscott and on Instagram as tomscottgo

Featuring the Gregory Brothers! Go subscribe to them: https://youtube.com/schmoyoho Pitch correction: it can make terrible singers sound decent, brilliant singer sound mediocre, or Cher sound like a robot. But how does it work? And is it possible to explain that without actually trying to understand Fourier transforms? I'm at http://tomscott.com on Twitter at http://twitter.com/tomscott on Facebook at http://facebook.com/tomscott and on Instagram as tomscottgo

High-frequency traders have a few tactics on stock exchanges: but simply put, they gather price information faster than anyone else, sometimes even faster than the markets themselves, and use that to make a tiny profit many, many, many times. There are all sorts of solutions: but it turns out there's a simpler one that involves physics. Thanks to Ronan and all the team at IEX - you can find out more about them here: https://iextrading.com/ or on Twitter at https://twitter.com/IEX I fact-checked Ronan's claim about the SEC white paper because it seemed a bit too good to be true, but he's right: see Hu, E. (2018). Intentional Access Delays, Market Quality, and Price Discovery: Evidence from IEX Becoming an Exchange. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://www.sec.gov/files/07feb18_hu_iex_becoming_an_exchange.pdf [PDF] Edited by Michelle Martin (@mrsmmartin) I'm at http://tomscott.com on Twitter at http://twitter.com/tomscott on Facebook at http://facebook.com/tomscott and on Instagram as tomscottgo

Subscribe to Neuro Transmissions! https://www.youtube.com/user/neurotransmissions or start with their video on how to train a cat to high-five: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VfsVw0ndFAQ We're all used to seeing MRI scans of brains. But how do they work? Can you really "see" brain activity, or read someone's mind? Alie and Micah from Neuro Transmissions went to get scanned -- and ended up having some fun with 3D printing, too.

Subscribe to Kurtis Baute! https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCTRM8LE1g6UXrVZKwgw5oEA or start with his one-take video on the history of the universe: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ObngtuPFI8A Inside his homemade, hermetically-sealed, airtight biodome, Kurtis Baute is already out of breath and surrounded by more carbon dioxide than he should be. And that's going to affect a lot of things -- including how smart he is. SOURCES: CO2 and Cognitive Function Scores: https://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/doi/pdf/10.1289/ehp.1510037 Indoor Air Quality and Academic Performance: https://www.gwern.net/docs/co2/2015-stafford.pdf